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Content management systems were initially developed internally at organizations which were doing a lot of content publishing. In 1995, CNET spun out its internal development offerings into a separate company called Vignette. The company started offering the software as a web-based content management system, allowing sites to create templates of the presentation of their content on the web. In 1998, Pencom Web Works, a consulting company, introduced the Metaphoria Data Transformation Server, allowing Java developers to write applications that would be tied with content and target the content output to different channels. The product failed but the concepts that were introduced by it made their way into most modern systems. The term was originally intended for website publishing systems and website management systems, however the term is now used to refer to a vast range of technologies and techniques, including portal systems, wiki systems, and web based groupware.